Xinjiang, known as the Western Regions in ancient times, mainly refers to the oasis city-states around the southern foot of the Tianshan Mountains and the Tarim Basin. These countries are basically composed of countless oases of different sizes, so the western civilization can also be called the oasis civilization. According to the materials obtained from archaeological excavations, most of these oases had traces of human activities in the late Paleolithic period (about 450,000 years ago), and entered the fine stone culture stage about 10,000 years ago, which is a way of life based on hunting activities. At that time, people lived between the mountains and the oases in the natural state, hunting wild animals, and also collecting some fruits or roots of wild plants growing in the above areas as food supplements. But due to Xinjiang paleolithic-fine stone stage archaeological achievements basically collected from the surface of some scattered stone, no formation relationship, so also cannot determine its accurate era, by the lack of research results, when the human race living here, from where, and Eurasian which culture origin relationship is still unknown, can only from their legacy stone shape and making techniques to analyze, deduce the local stone manufacturing industry has the dual characteristics of east Asia and Europe.