Turpan Basin represents the earliest archaeological area in Xinjiang. Initially identified in the 1920s as a site of Neolithic significance, it is now recognized predominantly for its Bronze Age to Early Iron Age cultural artifacts. Archaeological focus in the late 1950s was primarily on the discovery and study of the Astana-Harala and Zhuo cemeteries, with minimal emphasis on prehistoric archaeology. In 1976, the systematic archaeological excavations of these cemeteries ceased, and due to the pressures of capital construction and anti-theft measures, a greater number of prehistoric tombs and sites began to be excavated. By the end of 2002, over 500 prehistoric tombs and nearly 1000 square meters of ruins had been excavated in Turpan Basin and its vicinities. Scholars have observed a marked consistency in the prehistoric culture of this region, leading to the designation of the “Subeh culture”. This culture has been thoroughly investigated in terms of its cultural characteristics and absolute chronology. Compared to prehistoric cultures in other regions, the scholarly consensus on the “Subeh culture” is notably stronger, and these sites have been collectively categorized under the Early Iron Age framework. Further investigations in March and April 2003 at the Honghai cemetery unearthed hundreds of tombs that potentially date back to the Bronze Age. Most of these tombs exhibited vertical hole structures, challenging the conventional historical narrative of Turpan Basin and its prehistoric cultural development, indicating that these burials predate the Early Iron Age. Among these early tombs, two sites believed to be shaman tombs warrant particular attention due to their unique materials and potential insights into the spiritual practices of the time.