Surgical Anatomy of the Femoral Head
摘要
The femoral head exhibits a complex anatomy, characterized by its spherical shape that articulates with the acetabulum to form a ball-and-socket synovial joint. This joint plays a crucial role in providing mobility and stability to the hip. The femoral head is predominantly covered with articular cartilage, while additional support and stability are provided by the acetabular labrum and the surrounding hip capsule. The femoral head’s blood supply, primarily from the medial circumflex femoral artery (MCFA), is crucial and must be preserved during surgical interventions to prevent complications such as avascular necrosis. Although no nerves are directly associated with the femoral head, surgical exposure can risk injury to nearby structures, particularly the sciatic nerve and the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN), emphasizing the importance of anatomical precision during procedures.