This proposed chapter will examine a dynamic relationship between migration and development in the Global South region, South Asia, especially India, to the Global North countries during the period 1990–2024. Specifically, this chapter has six broader sections to examine the relation between migration and development in the global capitalism in the context of world-system theory or the centre–periphery theory of economic development: (i) Emigrants in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries; (ii) South Asian and Indian female and male migrants at a global level; (iii) South Asian migration and economic underdevelopment; (iv) international migration of Indian high-skilled workers and students; (v) lower human development in South Asia; and (vi) panel data regression empirical results on negative relation between emigration and human development in South Asia. The main purpose of this chapter is to examine empirically the impact of lower human and economic development in the Global South on the emigration to the Global North regions in the context of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Global Compact of Migration (GCM). The data sources are: (i) United Nations on the migration data, (ii) OECD migration outlook, (iii) the World Bank on socio-economic development indicators, and (iv) United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)—Human Development Report. This chapter has futuristic policy implications for sustainable development and safe migration at the time of recession and Covid-19.