In order to study the effects of blade and pile side support on the dynamic response of tower structure under seismic action, the article carries out a shaking table test on a 1:20 scaled model of the offshore wind turbine. The experiment is designed for different blade and pile side support working conditions. The model’s dynamic characteristics and the dynamic response under the action of three natural seismic waves with a peak acceleration of 0.6 g are investigated. The results show that the lowest self-oscillation frequency in the X and Y directions of the blade model is lower than that of the model without a blade, and there is an obvious difference in the X and Y directions and the acceleration response of the model changes and shows a certain degree of decline; after the removal of the pile side support, the self-oscillation frequency of the model in the first two orders decreases by 7.71% and 10.53%, respectively, and the damping ratio of the model and the acceleration response decrease to a certain degree. Finally, the finite element software ANSYS is used to model and analyze the structure. It is found that the test results are consistent with the simulation results, and both of them are verified with each other.