Extraction of nucleic acid targets (DNA and RNA) is a basic method that is used in molecular biology. In recent years, nucleic acid analysis has become an important analytical tool in many fields, demanding high-quality DNA or RNA. Nucleic acid targets can be extracted from various materials for subsequent processes, for example, PCR test. To date, many different ways have been developed to extract nucleic acid, such as column-based and solution-based methods. For the success of subsequent tests, extracting protocols should result in high purity, yield, and reproducibility of the nucleic acid targets, and the accuracy, speed, and reliability of the protocols should be maximal, while the contamination should be minimized.