Material characterization is a vital aspect of materials science and engineering, as it involves understanding the properties and structures of materials at a microscopic level. The importance of material characterization, various techniques used for characterization, and the significance of accurate material characterization in research and development are discussed here. This chapter comprehensively covers the characterization techniques used for materials in EMIElectromagnetic Interference (EMI) shielding applications. Most research scientists worldwide use these modern, standardized, advanced techniques. Material characterization is crucial in engineering as it allows researchers to determine the behavior and performance of materials for different applications. Understanding the properties of materials at a microscopic level helps develop new materials with improved properties and performance metrics. The techniques used for material characterization in EMIElectromagnetic Interference (EMI) shielding applications are constantly evolving to keep up with technological advancements. Accurate material characterization is essential in research and development, as it ensures the reliabilityReliability and effectiveness of the materials used in various engineering applications.