In response to the issues of vague parameters, low detail, and accuracy in the design of collaborative defense and attack systems, this study designs a collaborative defense and attack system architecture scheme space based on exploration analysis theory. Relying on typical combat system architecture models, the initial scheme space for physical, organizational, and procedural architectures is designed, and a feasibility optimization algorithm is formulated to reduce the scale of the schemes, ensuring their acceptability. By comprehensively analyzing the impact of uncertainties, exploring the key elements of various schemes to find the optimal solution and adjust the schemes, the exploratory analysis factors are clarified to construct the initial scheme space for physical architecture, organizational architecture, and procedural architecture.