This chapter starts with an observation and description of the historical background of Vietnam’s micro- and/or small-sized finance, emphasizing its vital role in providing financial services to low-income individuals and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Since the Đổi Mới, micro- and/or small-sized finance has played a key role in addressing the country’s credit gap, though it remains fragmented and heavily subsidized by the government. The chapter then traces the legislative evolution of Vietnam’s legal framework on micro- and/or small-sized finance, while underscoring the need for its further enhancement. The chapter further explores the rapid rise of P2P lending as a potential solution to the credit gap, particularly for individuals and SMEs underserved by conventional banks. Finally, the chapter outlines the current regulations governing P2P lending in Vietnam and discusses the government’s cautious regulatory approach, including prospects for future developments.