Enzymes and simple substances like sugars, lipids, and carbon dioxide are employed by microbes (including fungi, algae, and microbes) to synthesise many biopolymers. For numerous programmes, sustainable alternatives derived from biopolymers are beginning to displace conventional plastics. This chapter focuses on how microbes make polymers and discusses what influences are expected to shape the future growth of this area and the importance of the development made so far utilizing them on a microbial scale for biopolymer production. Through advancements made within synthetic biology as well as metabolic engineering among others alongside naturally mannered optimization processes enabled microbial strains that produce stronger biopolymers with better polymer structures at reduced costs to be established. In order to increase comprehension and utilization of microbial biopolymers as well as promote collaborations involving academia, business and government, education as well as networking outreaches and public recognition strategies will be important. These are owing to regulatory rules as well as equality in prices which hinder the mass production process for microorganism and their competitive abilities on large scale production. Future studies aimed at enhancing the viability and commercialization of microbial biopolymers synthesis involve searching for new microbe features, optimizing biological parameters or enhancing integration of bio refineries.