Wood quality is primarily determined by properties such as basic density and anatomical characteristics, which influence product efficiency and final quality. The present study investigates the wood structure and radial variation of physical and anatomical properties of plantation-grown Dalbergia latifolia to assess uniformity and maturity. Five trees from a 35-year-old plantation at Navsari Agricultural University, Gujarat, were analysed using core samples. Basic density and moisture content were measured along radial segments, while anatomical features such as fibre length, vessel characteristics, and ray composition were examined using microscopy techniques. The findings reveal a gradual increase in basic density and vessel diameter up to 6–7 cm from the pith, stabilizing thereafter. Similarly, anatomical properties showed significant radial variation, clearly distinguishing between juvenile and mature wood. These results contribute valuable insights into the wood quality of plantation-grown D. latifolia, aiding in sustainable utilization and conservation strategies.