This chapter reviews the potential of rosewoods within agroforestry systems to promote environmental sustainability, biodiversity, and economic benefits for communities in tropical and subtropical regions. As a highly valued timber, rosewood is critically endangered due to illegal logging and habitat loss. Incorporating rosewood into agroforestry systems can harness its economic value while contributing to reforestation, habitat restoration, and sustainable rural livelihoods. This chapter looks into the ecological, financial, and social implications of cultivating rosewood within agroforestry models, assessing the viability and impact of this approach on conservation efforts and local economies. Emphasis is on Dalbergia sissoo, one of agroforestry's most preferred and widely planted species.