Urbanisation has heightened population density in cities, resulting in significant air pollution. Consequently, the matter of a renewable and healthful interior environment has garnered heightened attention. Diverse air filtering methods have been implemented to enhance the purity of indoor air. The air filtering method can eliminate air contaminants and significantly improve indoor air quality. MXenes are a revolutionary class of 2D materials, inorganic compounds that exhibit elevated surface area, exceptional chemical resistance, thermal conductivity, and ecological suitability relative to conventional two-dimensional ceramics. Therefore, MXenes have been used for air purification and other environmental, chemical, and medical purposes, frequently surpassing the performance of conventional materials in each of these domains. MXene composites have great gas-trapping capability against harmful gases and particulate matter and are very good at displaying remarkable antibacterial action, rendering them superior for air purification applications. This method facilitates a substantial reduction in energy consumption, providing a remedy for air cleansing. This section provides a comprehensive and balanced assessment of the applications of MXenes and MXene-based compounds in air purification. The influence of MXene synthesis techniques and operational procedures on their adsorption and longevity is also emphasised. Substituting conventional synthesis techniques with eco-friendly MXenes, employing physically based quick creation of MAX phases, utilising molten salt processes for the sustainable fabrication of MAX phases, developing nanoparticulate MAX phases via sol–gel approach, substituting HF etchants with harmless alternatives, implementing electrochemical exfoliation, and incorporating nano bioagents can yield more environmentally sustainable, effective, and harmless MXenes for forthcoming applications. This chapter covers topics such as MXenes’ structure, stability, and synthesis; air filtration theory; industrial CO2 air purification; the effectiveness of MXene-based materials in monitoring air contaminants; and environmental pollutants and toxic gases.