Transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides, better known as MXenes, are an emerging class of 2D materials. They have sparked immense research in their various structures and synthesis methods, as well as in the fields of energy generation and storage, biomedicines, wearable technology and pressure sensing, due to their immense properties. This is on account of their various physical, optical, electrical and magnetic properties, which arise due to the structure, which include mono-M MXenes, solid solution MXenes and ordered-double M MXenes, as well as the surface terminations, which can functionalize the material to be oxides, fluroides, hydroxides, etc. This chapter highlights the various methods of synthesis of MXene, and the resultant structures and surface groups, and also explains the characterization techniques XRD and XPS, while spotlighting the imaging of the MXenes synthesized as well. It also mentions and elaborates on the various properties of MXenes and their applications.