The present research investigates mechanical and thermal insulation qualities experimentally. When combined with mineral wool to create a composite material, bamboo fibers are crucial for examining the mechanical and thermal insulation qualities. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a chemical agent used to remove bamboo fibers. The composite material trapped in the fibers can be made into thermoset resins (polyester) in various volume fractions after the fibers have been separated. The fiber volume fractions of the two distinct bamboo fibers were 50% and 60%, respectively. A 10 to 20% volume fraction of mineral wool is plated as an extra substrate to improve the composite’s insulating qualities. Composite materials are made using compression molding techniques. These samples undergo additional tensile, flexural, impact, hardness, and water absorption testing to ascertain their mechanical characteristics. Additionally, a thermal conductivity test is carried out utilizing the guarded heat flow meter method to determine thermal insulation properties. Every test result is examined and evaluated using a table that compares the results to the asbestos testing values. The findings showed that, in comparison to the asbestos sheet, all mechanical and thermal insulation qualities had significantly improved.