The ASEAN region is increasingly recognized as an important player in the critical mineral value chains for the global energy transition. Having significant reserves, the region holds immense potential for supplying clean energy technologies, including batteries, electric vehicles, and solar photovoltaics. Indonesia stands out with its dominance in nickel mining and processing, while Vietnam contributes heavily to bauxite and rare earth supplies. Malaysia has established itself in aluminum and tin refining, crucial for downstream applications. Despite these strengths, much of the value addition, particularly in advanced manufacturing, occurs outside the region, limiting ASEAN’s economic benefits. This chapter identifies gaps in ASEAN’s capacity to fully integrate its mineral reserves into global supply chains, including dependency on external markets like China for processing. To address these, ASEAN needs to scale refining capacities and develop downstream industries. Strengthening regional cooperation and partnership, harmonizing policies to attract investment, investing in recycling technologies, and ensuring sustainable practices can further bolster ASEAN’s competitiveness. By addressing these challenges, ASEAN can enhance its role in clean energy value chains while ensuring long-term economic and environmental sustainability.