Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) that primarily affects the lungs. It spreads through the air when infected individuals cough, sneeze, or spit. TB remains a significant global health problem, including in Malaysia, where it poses substantial challenges. This study formulates a deterministic model of TB incorporating vaccination to study the dynamics of TB. The model is based on the susceptible-vaccinated-infectious-recovered (SVIR) framework. The disease-free equilibrium (DFE) point is identified, and the basic reproduction number \(R_0\) is computed. The stability result shows that the DFE is stable when \(R_0\) is less than 1 ( \(R_0 < 1\) ), indicating that TB will not persist in the population long term. Additionally, we analyse the effectiveness of the BCG vaccine by examining two models: one with and one without vaccination. The model without vaccination shows an increasing number of infected individuals, while the vaccinated model yields different results. This comparison underlines the essential role of immunisation in TB infection control. By understanding the stability of the DFE and assessing the vaccine’s effectiveness, we provide valuable insights for TB control efforts and inform public health authorities of strategies to combat the virus.