The purpose of palm oil extraction is regional marketing and consumption by the producers themselves. The objective of this study was to carry out an ergonomic analysis of the oil palm extraction process to identify the ergonomic risks present at work, in a quilombola community in Recôncavo Baiano. Qualitative, descriptive study, with 10 workers from a quilombola community in Bahia. Recorded interviews, application of a semi-structured questionnaire and direct observation of the production process were carried out, with photographic and video recording. The information was analyzed using the Preliminary Ergonomic Work Analysis (preliminary AET) methodology. Participants reported physical symptoms or discomforts that could be (or not) associated with work, such as tiredness, sensations of shocks, pops, cramps, pain (of any kind), tingling, numbness, sensation of heaviness and loss of strength. The preliminary AET identified eight stages of tasks/activities in the production process of extracting palm oil. The steps require great physical effort in inadequate conditions and expose workers to occupational risks, including ergonomic risks. It is recommended to comply with the Rural Regulatory Standards (NRRs) and Regulatory Standard 17 regarding Ergonomics, as well as implementing actions to promote health care, with a view to the National Policy for Comprehensive Health for the Black Population.