Drought is one of the abiotic stressors that crops encounter which reduces agricultural productivity around the world. It impacts all phases of plant development, including the vegetative and reproductive stages, which lowers yields and causes financial loss. Plants under stress will exhibit altered morphological, biochemical, and molecular responses due to oxidative stress, and hormonal, isotonic, and nutritional imbalances. The beneficial role of nanoparticles, which alter the cell wall and regulate stomatal closure during stresses to aid in water retention, has been shown in numerous studies. Furthermore, due to the enhanced enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, plants treated with nanoparticles have demonstrated increased pigment content and a faster rate of photosynthesis. Reactive oxygen species accumulation in plants under drought stress (DS) is also managed by nanoparticle therapy, which has decreased malondialdehyde from the lipid peroxidation process. To protect themselves against DS, these plants also control the expression of genes that respond to drought and the manufacture of phytohormones including cytokinin, auxin, gibberellin, and abscisic acid. These plants can preserve water content, improve nutrition, and water availability, and lessen oxidative and osmotic damage caused by DS in plants. The use of nanobiotechnology to reduce DS by controlling plant biochemical pathways is summarized in this chapter. Compared to traditional methods, this approach has demonstrated effective and rapid plant drought resistance. Therefore, the use of nanoparticles could result in innovations in controlling plant development and lessening the negative effects of DS in agriculture.