The world is running out of energy and we need to find ways to meet the increasing energy demands. Biofuel is one of the sources of energy made from living organisms and biofuel is the energy found in these organisms. Biogas from biowaste is the solution to both waste disposal and energy provision that nanotechnology offers. Nanomaterials (NMs) are the best solution to the biomass utilization problems in terms of selectivity, energy and time conservation with less cost. Most of these methods have been done recently and several NMs such as metallic, magnetic and metal oxide are being used to enhance biofuel production. Since NMs have properties like design, stability, advanced surface area to volume ratio and catalytic activity or reusability they are good biofuel additives. The new developments in nanotechnological techniques show high potential in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of converting biowaste to energy. Different methods of biodiesel and biogas production are being searched and one of those that might be inexhaustible sources is nanotechnology. In this chapter, we will review the current developments of nanotechnological interventions for biowaste to energy conversion and the prospects and issues in this new area.