Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are two major emerging trends in the digital world. These technologies are transforming various fields by automating processes, making predictions, and simplifying complex tasks. Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning range from image, voice, and biometrics recognition to Natural Language Processing and Autonomous Decision Making. Personal and corporate data travels over computer networks on a regular basis in today’s digital world, needing strong network security. Despite the necessity for strong security, passwords are frequently ineffective because people use easily discoverable ones. To solve this, several businesses, especially those in banking and finance, are implementing Identity and Access Management systems to improve security. Authentication plays a critical role as a major element of Identity and Access Management systems. As an extended version of authentication, Adaptive authentication considers both environmental and behavioral aspects other than static credentials. To further enhance the Identity and Access Management security, this paper discusses how Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning techniques are used in adaptive authentication.