Packaging: Technological Alternatives in the Food Industry
摘要
The increasing number of food products on the market, coupled with the growing consumer awareness of chemical-free diets, has led to the development of new and modern packaging technologies, such as active and intelligent packaging. Utilizing these packaging prolongs the shelf life of food products and maintains the integrity of their biochemical properties, ensuring consumers a safe and pathogen-free diet. The primary function of active packaging is to absorb or eliminate compounds released by food or within the package, thereby increasing shelf life. In contrast, intelligent packaging is designed to detect any alterations, monitor quality, and track food products throughout the entire production system, until it reaches the final consumer. This type of packaging employs a variety of high-precision sensors sensitive to compounds released within the product or packaging. However, these emerging technologies raise several questions, such as cost, commercialization, consumer acceptance, safety, and organoleptic quality of food. There are also concerns about environmental and food safety. This review article explains the main categories of intelligent packaging systems, focusing on indicators, sensors, and biosensors.