India’s commitment to global sustainable solutions is evident through its active participation in international fora such as the International Solar Alliance (ISA) and Smart Cities Mission (SCM). The ISA, co-founded by India and France, mobilizes resources for solar energy deployment globally. These initiatives aim to transform urban spaces into environmentally friendly hubs, enhance quality of life, and contribute to global sustainability objectives. India’s efforts demonstrate its commitment to addressing environmental challenges and collaborating with other nations to drive sustainable development and combat climate change. However, besides highlighting India’s initiatives and strategies on the international forum to promote sustainable solutions at the global and national levels, the chapter critically examines and analyzes the policy gaps and challenges in realizing the stated goals within a stipulated time frame. The chapter argues that despite being guided by noble values and pressing determination to achieve the objectives, the two initiatives differ in their scope and implementation strategies. Moreover, particular emphasis is given to the latter to explore the efficacy of India’s national efforts and development commitments, given that development discourse centered on the performance and achievements of Smart City Projects (SCPs) has gradually disappeared from public and political spaces. Hence, the study is significant in India’s evolving governance challenges, which are affected by domestic electoral politics and the dynamics of the country’s federal structures.