In the twenty-first century, with the efforts of scholars at home and abroad, the related technologies of wind power generation are being improved. In this chapter, combining the flow control method of wind turbines and the resistance to wind and sand erosion and wear, this chapter investigates the effects of two flow control methods, namely, the leading-edge small wing and the leading-edge cylinder, on the aerodynamic performance and resistance to wind and sand erosion and wear of wind turbine wing profiles. Research has shown that both flow control methods can enhance the aerodynamic performance of airfoils while enhancing their resistance to wind and sand erosion and wear. Compared to the leading-edge small wing control airfoil, the leading-edge cylindrical control airfoil has a better anti-erosion and wear effect, but the improvement in the effect of aerodynamic performance is opposite.