Buildings should be designed to achieve high energy efficiency across diverse climate conditions while ensuring thermal comfort. In today’s world, energy sustainability and environmental efficiency in buildings are essential considerations. Trombe walls, known for their effectiveness in passive solar heating, offer a promising solution. This study simulates airflow within a Trombe wall chamber using the finite volume method, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique, with ANSYS Fluent software. A preliminary reference model was developed and validated to provide the foundation for analyzing key parameters influencing Trombe wall material efficiency. The investigation focused on the impact of material properties on thermal storage and energy efficiency. Among the three models studied, Model 3, with a heat flux of 90 W/m2 and increased radiation, demonstrated the highest thermal storage efficiency. These findings underscore the critical role of material selection in optimizing Trombe wall performance, contributing to more sustainable building energy systems.