Plastics is contributing a major portion of the litter found in marine environments throughout the world. Microplastics (plastic particles less than 5 mm in size) are causing disquietude because of their capability to harm ecosystems, organisms, and human health. Many studies have reported that microplastics build up in marine organisms and carry through food webs. Through the food chain, microplastics get into the body of humans and cause human wellness problems. Accumulation of microplastics in marine fish is a socioeconomic issue affecting the economy and livelihoods of the fishing community. While the impacts of microplastics on aquatic organisms are studied extensively, the socioeconomic impacts of microplastic pollution in marine ecosystems received little attention. This chapter provides an overview of microplastic pollution in marine ecosystems and its socioeconomic impacts.