Potential and Challenges for Community Energy in the United Kingdom: A Case Study Approach
摘要
Small scale renewable energy projects run by communities may have various benefits for the community: the generated income can be re-invested locally, could lead to greater energy independence, support local jobs and strengthen community ties. It also tackles climate change on a local level as renewable energy is being used, while also makes people think about how to reduce their energy consumption. In the United Kingdom these projects have been supported by various subsidies and government policies leading to the emergence of more than 200 community energy organizations. However, with the substantial reduction of the government’s feed-in tariff (FIT) programs these top-down incentives have disappeared in England, leaving future projects uncertain. Nevertheless, there had been many successful schemes, each unique on its own. This chapter will introduce four examples of community energy projects—micro hydro, wind turbines, solar power and attempts at a micro-grid—to illustrate the challenges and promise of these collaborations.