Ecological restoration is critical for improving socio-economic well-being by addressing environmental deterioration and promoting long-term development. In India, restoration activities improve livelihoods, public health, biodiversity conservation, and climate resilience. This chapter looks at the socio-economic advantages of ecological restoration, such as job creation, improved health, and community empowerment. It focuses on a variety of case studies, including the rejuvenation of the Yamuna River and mangrove restoration in the Sundarbans, to demonstrate how ecological interventions reduce climate risks, increase biodiversity, and benefit local economies. Restoration initiatives in metropolitan areas, such as the Sabarmati Riverfront development, exhibit better quality of life through green infrastructure. It emphasizes the combination of traditional ecological knowledge and contemporary approaches, as demonstrated by watershed management in Jharkhand and biodiversity protection in Odisha. Policy gaps, financing restrictions, and competing land uses are examined, as well as future options that emphasize multidisciplinary collaboration, strong governance, and public–private partnerships.