Refining linseed oil is a critical process that ensures its quality, stability, and suitability for industrial applications, particularly in the food sector. Linseed oil, known for its high α-linolenic acid content (34.1–63%), is widely used in food industries. However, its high polyunsaturated fatty acid content makes it prone to rancidity, necessitating effective refining methods to retain its quality. The refining processes, including degumming, neutralization, bleaching, winterization, and deodorization, are addressed in this chapter, highlighting their role in maintaining oil stability and extending its shelf life. The potential of green technologies such as electrical field treatments, ultrasound, microwave, and ion exchange has been discussed as promising alternatives to conventional refining methods. These green technologies offer enhanced refining efficiency, reduced energy consumption, and improved sustainability in linseed oil production. The challenges faced during linseed oil processing and novel pretreatment technologies aimed at improving oil quality and sustainability are also discussed in this chapter.