Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive, metabolic, and hormonal disorder that affects a female’s reproductive and mental health. Millions of females are suffering from PCOS. It is marked by symptoms like infertility, irregular menstruation, and excessive hair growth on the face and other body parts. In 2003, the Rotterdam criteria were introduced, which became standard for treating PCOS. According to Rotterdam criteria, if any of the two symptoms of the three are fulfilled, then a woman is more likely to suffer from PCOS. Those symptoms are irregular periods (anovulation), polycystic ovaries detected under ultrasound, and hyperandrogenism (excess male hormones). This paper reviews the knowledge and interpretations from 44 research papers, covering chronological, diagnostic methods, therapeutic, and psychosocial aspects of the syndrome.This paper emphasizes the importance of enhancing public awareness about this syndrome, improving healthcare policies, developing more sophisticated approaches to deal with PCOS, personalized treatment, and continuous research work to fill the knowledge gaps.