Laws Governing Servants’ Separation from Their Masters in the Qing Dynasty
摘要
Servants’ redemption means that servants pay the original purchase price they were bought for to their masters, in exchange for the right to leave their masters’ households. After Manchu servants in the Qing Dynasty redeemed themselves, they either remained within the Eight Banners as Kaihuren or, if permitted, left the banner system and transferred to civilian status.