Perovskite Solar Cells

In the last decade, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have demonstrated unprecedented progress, with certified efficiencies now exceeding 26% for single-junction devices and over 30% for tandem configurations (based on recent NREL-certified records). This chapter offers an in-depth analysis of the progress in PSC technology, covering the materials used, device designs, manufacturing techniques, methods to improve durability, scalability, and integration with other technologies. It also addresses significant challenges, such as durability, safety issues (especially concerning lead), consistency, and the path to commercialization. Furthermore, this chapter explores innovative approaches such as lead-free perovskites, interface optimization, integration into larger systems, and recycling. The objective of this study is to provide a clear overview for novices interested in contemporary research developments.