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This chapter examines the emerging contestations of post-war peace in Mozambique. It explores how neoliberal economic reforms and authoritarian capitalism have shaped Mozambique’s post-conflict development trajectory, exacerbating inequality, fostering socio-political grievances, and ultimately undermining state legitimacy. The chapter highlights the cyclical relationship between poverty, inequality, and conflict, and discusses how the entanglement of political and economic elites has deepened socio-economic exclusion, particularly among youth. It then analyses the rise of violent extremism in Cabo Delgado and the 2024 post-electoral youth-led protests, revealing how structural marginalisation, unfulfilled globalised expectations, and relative deprivation catalyse political instability. An argument is made that Mozambique’s responses to violent contestation—from securitisation to managed internationalism—demonstrate a strategic appropriation of liberal norms to sustain regime control while perpetuating authoritarian practices. The findings highlight the need to rethink peacebuilding strategies in Mozambique by prioritising inclusive economic governance, youth empowerment, and genuine political reforms to achieve sustainable peace and development.

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Crisis of State Legitimacy? Emerging Forms of Political Violence

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Manuel Francisco Sambo

摘要

This chapter examines the emerging contestations of post-war peace in Mozambique. It explores how neoliberal economic reforms and authoritarian capitalism have shaped Mozambique’s post-conflict development trajectory, exacerbating inequality, fostering socio-political grievances, and ultimately undermining state legitimacy. The chapter highlights the cyclical relationship between poverty, inequality, and conflict, and discusses how the entanglement of political and economic elites has deepened socio-economic exclusion, particularly among youth. It then analyses the rise of violent extremism in Cabo Delgado and the 2024 post-electoral youth-led protests, revealing how structural marginalisation, unfulfilled globalised expectations, and relative deprivation catalyse political instability. An argument is made that Mozambique’s responses to violent contestation—from securitisation to managed internationalism—demonstrate a strategic appropriation of liberal norms to sustain regime control while perpetuating authoritarian practices. The findings highlight the need to rethink peacebuilding strategies in Mozambique by prioritising inclusive economic governance, youth empowerment, and genuine political reforms to achieve sustainable peace and development.