This study proposes a design model based on chaotic ant colony algorithm for the optimal design of glass fiber plastics. First, the wide application of glass fiber plastics in the engineering field and the importance of optimized design are introduced. Then, the principle of the chaotic ant colony algorithm and its application to optimization problems are described in detail. Then, an optimized design model of glass fiber plastic based on chaotic ant colony algorithm is proposed, and described in detail. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority are verified through numerical experiments, and the results show that the model can effectively optimize the design of glass fiber plastics, improve its performance index, and provide a reliable design method for engineering practice.