In the urgent pursuit of carbon neutrality, reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from road infrastructure has become critical. As part of this effort, the development of energy-harvesting pavements, such as photovoltaic pavements (PVP), is underway. However, the variability in energy generation and environmental mitigation capabilities across different installation sites makes it difficult to predict their effectiveness during the design phase. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the environmental impacts of replacing parts of shoulder asphalt pavements with PVP by using accurate and dynamic PVP energy generation estimation incorporating static shading from urban models and dynamic shading from vehicle flow data, along with the PVP’s BIM model. This evaluation can be achieved through a 6D BIM model based on the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) schema. The results revealed that reducing the emission coefficients of materials was the most effective strategy, and the eutrophication recovery period was the longest. This research is expected to facilitate the identification of optimal locations and methods for efficiently installing PVP, thereby contributing to decision-making and promoting PVP adoption.