Urban Agriculture (UA) is a key strategic approach for sustaining regional ecosystems while offering various direct and indirect benefits to humanity. In the late 1990s, a high-level agricultural summit authorized the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) to promote urban agriculture globally. As the concept of sustainable development gained consensus, urban agriculture emerged as a vital component of urban blue-green infrastructure (BGI). It began to receive recognition for its contributions to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, mitigating the urban heat island effect, ensuring food security, enhancing climate resilience, optimizing spatial layouts, and alleviating poverty. However, the development of urban agriculture is hampered by the absence of policy support, exclusion from urban land-use planning, and the dietary choices of urban residents. Consequently, future research should be extended to investigate UA, as an approach of urban BGI to enhance climate disaster resilience, which will help foster a form of urban agriculture conducive to sustainable urban development.