Nature has evolved from diverse systems, objects, structures, materials, and processes with individual characteristics and multiple functions. Biomimetic and bioinspired materials were born as a bridge between nature and engineering. Natural materials and systems, deemed as exhaustive and detailed “solution manual”, have performed assorted functions including self-actuation, self-cleaning, anti-fogging, anti-reflection, osmotic barrier, camouflage, aerodynamics, sensing, or combinations of two or more. The understanding of underlying mechanisms drives us to develop bioinspired nanomaterials, sophisticated nanodevices, and customized engineered products for various techniques and commercial applications. Biomimetic micro/nano-scale structures and interfaces are utilized nowadays for drug delivery, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, etc. Furthermore, dynamical biological systems and their ability of controllable changes in structures and properties are necessary for living organisms to adapt unpredictable environments, and thus based on this principle, the reversible mechanical deformation in response to specific stimulus has become a kind of intelligent biomaterials. Bioinspiration is an inexhaustible treasure for designers, researchers, and engineers. As biomimetics matured, it has been an emerging field in manufacturing given that continuously surprising discoveries inspire infinite varieties of advanced biomaterials coupled with personalized functions and properties. Pioneering fabrication techniques combined with synthetic biology build responsive and adaptive integrated systems at all spatial scales. Moreover, interdisciplinary research, multiple tools and approaches, and revolutionary technologies might depict greater blueprint with the assistance of biomimetics. More importantly, nanotechnology incorporated with biomimetics will have significant influences on human healthcare in the future.