There are several possible causes of a chain of natural disasters. In this study, chain disasters based on physical causal relationships and time-series chaining are classified. Subsequently, specific chain disaster examples that occurred in the Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster were introduced. Typical examples include the destruction of reservoirs and subsequent floods, liquefaction of tailings dams and subsequent mudflow disasters, environmental pollution, land subsidence, storm surge disasters, slope disasters, and river channel blockage. To what extent should such chain disasters be considered in the design? Following the earthquake, it served as an excuse to claim that the damage was unexpected. This excuse, however, cannot be used in future if such damage is identifiable. However, it is impractical to deal with all potential hazards, an amelioration strategy is required. An anti-catastrophic perspective is essential for the design of infrastructure and hardware.