Insect pests, soil-borne phytopathogens, parasites, and predators are among the biotic elements that mainly cause crop losses. Food rots by different microorganisms account for most food losses in the food sector. The agricultural and food production of crop productivity increased with advanced nanotechnology-used nanomaterials. The antibacterial properties of copper/copper oxide nanowires against various pathogens are widely recognized. Among the essential micronutrients, copper is crucial for plant growth and development. Agriculture makes fertilizers and pesticides based on copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). Copper nanomaterials’ (CuNMs) small size makes it easier for plants to absorb them. Growing interest has been shown in using nanotechnology in agriculture to increase agricultural yields. In particular, because of their antibacterial characteristics, copper-based nanostructures are great substitutes to reduce plant diseases. However, more research must be conducted on its advantages in managing plant diseases. The usage of nanostructures depends on plant pathogens controlled by copper, and diseases are covered in this chapter.