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Antibiotic resistance is a pressing issue in modern medicine, prompting the exploration of alternative treatments from natural sources. This study investigated the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity properties of Clausena anisata, Uvaria scheffleri, Zanthoxylum chalybeum, Vepris dainellii, Brucea antidysenterica, Embelia schimperi, Cyphostemma cyphopetalum, and Rhynchosia ferruginea. Sequential extraction of the roots with n-hexane, dichloromethane/methanol (1:1), and methanol followed by silica gel column chromatography was employed to isolate compounds. From C. anisata, alkaloid (1) and coumarins (2–4) were identified. V. dainellii yielded alkaloids (5–9), while E. schimperi provided flavans (10–11). B. antidysenterica contained indole alkaloids (12–14), C. cyphopetalum gave compounds (15–22), R. ferruginea yielded isoflavans (23–24), Z. chalybeum produced benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids (25–28), and U. scheffleri provided an indole alkaloid (29) and a chalcone (30). Biological assays showed that gnetin H (19) had significant inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.55 mm at 50 μg/mL), outperforming chloramphenicol. Evodiamine (8) exhibited high cytotoxicity against the MDA-MB-231 cell line (IC50 = 1.73 μM). Chelerythrine (25) demonstrated strong activity against MDA-MB-231 cancer cells (IC50 = 3.62 μM). Brucea antidysenterica showed up to 87.5% antioxidant inhibition in the DPPH assay. Molecular docking analysis revealed promising binding affinities for several alkaloids, suggesting their potential as natural remedies for infectious diseases.

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In Vitro and In Silico Studies of Bioactive Compounds from Selected Ethiopian Plants

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Milkyas Endale,
  • Gashaw Nigussie,
  • Mathewos Anza,
  • Aman Dekebo,
  • Teshome Degfie,
  • Yadessa Melaku,
  • Asfaw Meresa,
  • Temesgen Negassa,
  • Negera Abdissa

摘要

Antibiotic resistance is a pressing issue in modern medicine, prompting the exploration of alternative treatments from natural sources. This study investigated the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity properties of Clausena anisata, Uvaria scheffleri, Zanthoxylum chalybeum, Vepris dainellii, Brucea antidysenterica, Embelia schimperi, Cyphostemma cyphopetalum, and Rhynchosia ferruginea. Sequential extraction of the roots with n-hexane, dichloromethane/methanol (1:1), and methanol followed by silica gel column chromatography was employed to isolate compounds. From C. anisata, alkaloid (1) and coumarins (2–4) were identified. V. dainellii yielded alkaloids (5–9), while E. schimperi provided flavans (10–11). B. antidysenterica contained indole alkaloids (12–14), C. cyphopetalum gave compounds (15–22), R. ferruginea yielded isoflavans (23–24), Z. chalybeum produced benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids (25–28), and U. scheffleri provided an indole alkaloid (29) and a chalcone (30). Biological assays showed that gnetin H (19) had significant inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.55 mm at 50 μg/mL), outperforming chloramphenicol. Evodiamine (8) exhibited high cytotoxicity against the MDA-MB-231 cell line (IC50 = 1.73 μM). Chelerythrine (25) demonstrated strong activity against MDA-MB-231 cancer cells (IC50 = 3.62 μM). Brucea antidysenterica showed up to 87.5% antioxidant inhibition in the DPPH assay. Molecular docking analysis revealed promising binding affinities for several alkaloids, suggesting their potential as natural remedies for infectious diseases.