Two-dimensional materials like transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), MXenes, and graphene have good strength in the area of electrochemical energy storage (EES) due to their unique properties. These materials possess high surface area, good electrical conductivity, and high mechanical strength, which are required to increase the performance of batteries and supercapacitors. They are used to improve energy density, power density, and cycling stability, which makes them highly fit for energy storage applications. TMDs like molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) and MXenes are valuable in lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors because of their electrical conductivity and hydrophilic nature. On the other hand, graphene has high electron mobility and thermal conductivity, which makes it the perfect material for high-speed electronic devices and thermal management systems. Despite all of these, some challenges, such as stability and large-scale manufacturing, are still problems. Ongoing research is actively addressing these challenges. Combination of 2D materials into EES systems has significantly increased the capacity retention and charge/discharge rates by providing a way for more efficient energy storage solutions. Advancements in material science continue to unfold. 2D materials are assumed to play an important role in the development of sustainable energy technologies. The future of energy storage looks incredibly promising, offering exciting possibilities for the next generation of energy systems.