Proteomics is an important tool in functional characterization of the genome that aids in translating genomic information into usable biological insights, which provides better solutions to issues in meat production, processing, and quality improvement, ultimately resulting in sustainable animal husbandry and improved product quality. Multipurpose water buffaloes have significant livelihood and economic impact in several Asian countries, which is critical for the long-term viability of the buffalo sector. Owing to high-quality protein, low fat, and cholesterol content, water buffalo meat is widely considered as healthy meat. The application of proteomic technologies will enable researchers to gain a deeper understanding of the biological processes that contribute to the delivery of consistent quality meat. This chapter aims to introspect the recent progress in the field of proteomics and discuss the application of proteomics in unraveling buffalo meat quality.