Over 2.2 billion people experience water scarcity, with expected deterioration due to an increase in the demand for freshwater by 55% in the year 2050 because of increased population, urbanization, and industrialization. Innovative technologies, such as precision irrigation and rainwater collection, utilize only 10% water yet convey 90% efficiency and reduce wastage by 30 to 50%. Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) optimizes and improves water quality, pooling the required resources and harmonizing relations between stakeholders, leading to a 20 to 30% increase in efficiency. These challenges are intensified by climate change and water scarcity: The world’s arid regions are projected to experience a 40% reduction in their water availability by 2050 and therefore smart water and wastewater reuse. This chapter highlights the importance of water management and efficient practices to cope with water insecurity and encourage production from the agriculture and livestock industry.