The Nilgiri Khola Hydroelectric Project in Nepal faces significant challenges with rock bursting/spalling during the construction of its headrace tunnel. This paper focuses on the evaluation of rock bursting/spalling through various empirical, semi-empirical, and numerical methods. Such as the Norwegian rule of thumb, Hoek and Brown method, Russenes [1] approach, modified Martin and Christiansson’s method, stress problem classification, and numerical modeling. The findings highlight severe rock bursting/spalling at different tunnel chainages, necessitating special considerations for construction. Numerical modeling confirms the occurrence of rock bursting, particularly in the left arch of the tunnel. This paper concludes that the tunnel alignment and their geological conditions require stability solutions to ensure tunnel safety.