Sleep disorders comprise prevalent, intricate, and recurring set of conditions. Chronic sleep disturbances not only heighten the risk of cardiovascular and systemic diseases but also significantly increase susceptibility to mental health disorders including depression and anxiety, thereby placing substantial burdens on both families and society. Considering the adverse effects associated with pharmacological treatments and the protracted nature of psychotherapeutic interventions, neuromodulation technologies have gained increasing clinical acceptance for insomnia management. Their therapeutic appeal lies in demonstrated safety profiles, noninvasive application modalities, and promising clinical outcomes. Both transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have shown efficacy in improving sleep architecture and mitigating insomnia severity through diverse stimulation protocols targeting specific neuroanatomical regions. This section systematically examines the recent advancements in TMS and tDCS applications for sleep disorders, providing evidence-based clinical recommendations while critically evaluating existing research findings and methodological limitations. These studies identified several promising treatment parameters: low-frequency TMS protocols, continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS), and cathodal tDCS directed at the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex demonstrate particularly robust therapeutic potential. Emerging evidence also suggests the parietal cortex as a viable stimulation target, while combined neuromodulation approaches integrating TMS and tDCS may offer synergistic enhancement of treatment efficacy.