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The infiltration of water into the soil and its subsequent evaporation significantly affect the performance of geotechnical and geo-environmental structures build on it. This is due to the changes in pore-water pressures and suction profiles of the soil during infiltration and evaporation, which play a crucial role in determining the strength and stability of these structures. However, in geotechnical design, it is common practice to simplify the determination of actual fluxes at the soil-atmosphere interface by considering only infiltration fluxes and ignoring evaporation fluxes. The objective of this study is to analyze how the pressure profile across the soil is affected by evaporation during rainfall and after rainfall cessation. To achieve this objective, the pressure head profiles of homogeneous soils and a couplet of reconstituted varved clays are analyzed. The analysis includes studying the effects of both evaporation and non-evaporation scenarios during the infiltration of rainwater and after the rainfall has ceased. Two soils, Red Soil (RS) and Black Soil (BS), were chosen based on preliminary geotechnical laboratory investigation for their similarity to constituent soils of actual varved clays. One-dimensional finite element modeling is conducted on four initially unsaturated soil profiles. The movement of water during both infiltration and evaporation is calculated by solving Richard's equation. The couplet of reconstituted varved clay profiles is made with RS and BS with two different arrangements of these soils. The analysis shows that there are significant variations in pressure head profiles when evaporation is considered compared to when it is not taken into account. In homogeneous soils, considering evaporation, as compared to BS, a 1.6-fold increase in negative pressure head in RS is noted from the 15th to the 30th day; in this regard, a 1.2-fold increase is noted when evaporation is disregarded. Additionally, in 2L-RS-BS reconstituted varved clays, a pressure shift from −70 kPa to + 10 kPa occurs when evaporation is not considered, indicating complex behavior in laminae structure.

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Comparison of Varying Pressure Head Profiles Due to Rainwater Ingression in Homogeneous and Reconstituted Varved Clay Couplet With and Without Consideration of Evaporation

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Deepali Anand,
  • Arindam Dey,
  • Ravi Karangat

摘要

The infiltration of water into the soil and its subsequent evaporation significantly affect the performance of geotechnical and geo-environmental structures build on it. This is due to the changes in pore-water pressures and suction profiles of the soil during infiltration and evaporation, which play a crucial role in determining the strength and stability of these structures. However, in geotechnical design, it is common practice to simplify the determination of actual fluxes at the soil-atmosphere interface by considering only infiltration fluxes and ignoring evaporation fluxes. The objective of this study is to analyze how the pressure profile across the soil is affected by evaporation during rainfall and after rainfall cessation. To achieve this objective, the pressure head profiles of homogeneous soils and a couplet of reconstituted varved clays are analyzed. The analysis includes studying the effects of both evaporation and non-evaporation scenarios during the infiltration of rainwater and after the rainfall has ceased. Two soils, Red Soil (RS) and Black Soil (BS), were chosen based on preliminary geotechnical laboratory investigation for their similarity to constituent soils of actual varved clays. One-dimensional finite element modeling is conducted on four initially unsaturated soil profiles. The movement of water during both infiltration and evaporation is calculated by solving Richard's equation. The couplet of reconstituted varved clay profiles is made with RS and BS with two different arrangements of these soils. The analysis shows that there are significant variations in pressure head profiles when evaporation is considered compared to when it is not taken into account. In homogeneous soils, considering evaporation, as compared to BS, a 1.6-fold increase in negative pressure head in RS is noted from the 15th to the 30th day; in this regard, a 1.2-fold increase is noted when evaporation is disregarded. Additionally, in 2L-RS-BS reconstituted varved clays, a pressure shift from −70 kPa to + 10 kPa occurs when evaporation is not considered, indicating complex behavior in laminae structure.