Rigid pavements are typically constructed with concrete and the pavement structure consists of a concrete base and lean-mixed concrete (LMC) subbase. Compared to the base layer, the LMC subbase has low strength requirements. According to the Australian pavement design standards LMC with a strength in the range 6 MPa to 17 MPa is used for subbase. Although the current construction practice is to use ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as the binder material in LMC, OPC has severe negative environmental impacts due to the high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy consumption associated with its manufacturing process. This study focuses on developing LMC by fully replacing OPC with eco-friendly binders to achieve the required performance criteria while improving the sustainability of pavement industry. Fly ash, slag and waste clay bricks (WCB) sourced from construction and demolition waste combined with solid sodium silicate were used to prepare the alternative binders. LMC mixes with these WCB-based binders were first optimized considering the compressive strength to select a suitable aggregate gradation and water-to-binder ratio. The workability and consistency of LMC were improved by optimizing the aggregate grading by eliminating coarse sand. Due to the low binder content in LMC (i.e., 200 kg/m3), higher water-to-binder ratios (i.e., 0.65 to 0.70) and use of ambient curing (i.e., 25 °C ± 3 °C) resulted in longer setting times. Conventional accelerators used for OPC concrete were found to be inefficient for the WCB-based binders. The addition of hydrated lime as an accelerator reduces the setting time from around 36 h down to 8 h. An increase of hydrated lime content reduces the setting time as well as the strength. A hydrated lime content of 5% from the weight of the binder was identified as optimum considering both setting time and the strength development.