The construction industry is struggling to meet clients’ expectations and ensure end-user satisfaction. The challenges are high, and there is a demand for quality, speedy delivery, low cost, safety, sustainability, and less risky projects without loss of value. Road projects stand as some of the most economically and environmentally costly activities in the construction sector. For this reason, it is essential to increase productivity and reduce the cost of these kinds of projects. In urban cities in developing countries, many highly damaged roads can be observed, which affect vehicles’ and pedestrians’ mobility, increase vehicle operating costs, and aggravate accidents. Lean construction is a management concept that aims to identify and address problems holistically in the design and construction phase by adopting lean principles and practices. Lean construction is an effective and holistic approach for continuous improvement of the project life cycle that is known for its ability to eliminate process waste and maximize value for customers. Implementing lean construction principles could also result in considerable advantages for road maintenance projects, where delays in service have profound effects and significant consequences for the environment, society, and economy, impacting all stakeholders. Implementation of lean construction needs action shaped by a deep understanding of its goals, techniques and methodologies. Both developed and developing countries have gained benefits by implementing lean construction by reducing waste, increasing productivity, and improving health and safety while fulfilling the requirements of construction industry stakeholders. However, past experiences have shown there are many barriers that impede the implementation of lean construction in road projects, particularly in developing countries. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the readiness and barriers to the successful adoption of Lean Construction for the development of road infrastructure in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Based on a literature review and analysis of data collected from a questionnaire survey of construction professionals in Addis Ababa urban road construction sector, the readiness and the barriers were evaluated. The findings of this investigation revealed that 69% of the respondents agreed that lean construction implementation is of very high important and would positively impact Addis Ababa Road construction projects, but the lack of knowledge about lean construction concept is a significant barrier.