Road safety is becoming a major concern worldwide. Driving behavior has a significant impact on the likelihood of a crash. Understanding drivers’ behavior can provide insight into the factors that affect road crashes. Researchers have adopted several methods in the past to analyze driver behavior, with the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) being one of the most widely adopted techniques. It subjectively evaluates driving behavior with the help of a skillfully prepared questionnaire. The present study aims to identify the critical factors affecting driver behavior in Maharashtra using a modified DBQ for the Indian scenario. The analysis revealed that car drivers in the 26–45 years age group with 10–20 years of driving experience often violated the traffic rules than younger drivers and drivers with lesser experience. Also, they were more involved in the crashes than others. The Principal Component Analysis was performed, and a two-factor solution with 18 DBQ items was found to represent the behavioral structure best. The findings revealed that the identified factors can be categorized as violations (consisting of 8 items) and errors (consisting of 10 items), which influence driving behavior. The identified 18 items in the DBQ can be utilized to self-assess drivers before licensing, conduct driver training programs, and help the insurance industry decide on insurance schemes based on driving behavior.