The role and mandates of central banks have become broader and more complex since the 2008 global financial crisis. More transparency is required to maintain public support, safeguard independence, and enhance policy effectiveness. This chapter examines the transparency performance in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Compared to benchmarks such as the Hong Kong Monetary Authority, the GCC central banks scored very low in economic, procedural, and policy transparency, due to lack of data, policy models, analysis of the outcomes of unexpected macroeconomic shocks, and explanation of the way monetary policy decisions are taken. Central banks’ transparency should be at the top of the reform agenda in the Gulf Arab States, since it will require other stakeholders to improve their statistics collection, processing, and publication, with wider implications for investor confidence, and the economy at large. Gulf central banks can bolster transparency by adopting credible reform agendas focused on the publication of accurate statistics, disclosure of analysis and forecasting methodology, and forward-looking explanations of policy decisions. This will be a powerful tool in building more resilient financial sectors that can weather global shocks more effectively.